Overview

Creating a strong market for recycled products is key to completing the recycling process or "closing the loop." Consumers close the loop when they purchase products made from recycled materials. Governments can promote buying recycled products through their own purchasing programs and guidelines. Manufacturers can participate as well by using recycled materials in their products.

Identifying Recycled-Content Products

Product labels can be confusing to consumers interested in buying recycled because of the different recycling terminology used. The following definitions might help clarify any uncertainty regarding manufacturers' claims. For more detailed guidance, view a summary of the Federal Trade Commission's brochure entitled Sorting Out Green Advertising Claims or the Agency's Official Guidance for the use of environmental marketing claims.

• Recycled-content products are made from materials that would otherwise have been discarded. Items in this category are made totally or partially from material destined for disposal or recovered from industrial activities-like aluminum soda cans or newspaper. Recycled-content products also can be items that are rebuilt or remanufactured from used products such as toner cartridges or computers.
  

• Postconsumer content refers to material from products that were used by consumers or businesses and would otherwise be discarded as waste. If a product is labeled "recycled content," the rest of the product material might have come from excess or damaged items generated during normal manufacturing processes-not collected through a local recycling program.
  

• Recyclable products can be collected and remanufactured into new products after they've been used. These products do not necessarily contain recycled materials and only benefit the environment if people recycle them after use. Check with your local recycling program to determine which items are recyclable in your community.

A Recycled Products Shopping List

There are more than 4,500 recycled-content products available, and this number continues to grow. In fact, many of the products people regularly purchase contain recycled-content. The following list presents just a sampling of products that can be made with recycled content.

The following product directories and databases provide a more comprehensive list of products and manufacturers.

• American Plastics Council's "Shop Recycled Mall," Recycled Products Database

• California Integrated Waste Management Board's Recycled Products Database

Related Links

EPA has assembled lists of buy-recycled related organizations, publications, and product information at the following two sites:

• Comprehensive Procurement Guidelines (CPG) Program Related Links

• EPA's CPG Supplier Database
  

• WasteWise Related Links
  
  

Please find additional related links divided into the following categories:

Programs

• America Recycles Day
  

• Buy Recycling Training Institute
  

• Comprehensive Procurement Guidelines
  

• EPA's Environmentally Preferable Purchasing (EPP) Program
  

• National Recycling Coalition
  

• King County, Washington

Publications

• CPG Fact Sheets

• Let's Go Green Shopping [Adobe PDF File, 12 pages, 266 KB, about PDF] || en Español [Adobe PDF File, 12 pages, 275 KB]
  

• Official Recycled Products Guide
  

• WasteWise Update-Closing the Loop
  

Organizations

• Environmental Defense Fund
  257 Park Avenue, South
  New York, NY 10010
  Phone: 800 684-3322
  

• National Office Paper Recycling Project
  U.S. Conference of Mayors
  1620 Eye Street, NW., Suite 600
  Washington, DC 20006
  Phone: 202 223-3088
  Fax: 202 429-0422
  

• National Recycling Coalition
  1727 King Street, Suite 105
  Alexandria, VA 22314-2720
  Phone: 703 683-9025
  Fax: 703 683-9026
  

• Office of the Federal Environmental Executive
  Mail Code 1600
  401 M Street, SW
  Washington, DC 20460
  Phone: 202 260-1297